The development history and application of foraminal mirror.development historyIn the 1940s, Valls and Craig initiated the origin of spinal endoscopy with the use of a cannula for deep tissue biopsy through a posterolateral approach to the lumbar spine. In the late 1980s, Kambin developed the concep
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The advantages of ductoscope and the significance of inspectionAdvantage1. Under normal circumstances, it is a non-invasive examination operation;2. It can be checked under direct vision, which can be used as the basis for clinical diagnosis, so that the surgical indications for breast disease patie
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What is a ductoscope? And some basic applications of ductoscopy.Breast ductoscopy, also known as electronic breast fiber endoscopy, is the first choice for diagnosing the etiology of nipple discharge due to its convenient operation, small trauma and intuitiveness.basic conceptDuctoscopy can effectiv
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